Thus, it can be conceivable that the JIP1/three???ASK1???MKK4 signaling module might serve as a conduit to activate JNK when endosomal trafficking is disrupted and glucose degrees tumble through the early stages of methuosis. Our getting that MKK4 was robustly activated via the methuosis-inducing IPPs, MOMIPP and 2q, and less so by the non-cytotoxi